Trappist ales are some of the best beers in the world. They range in taste and complexity and are brewed with honor and deep tradition. Although the abbeys have been around for hundreds of years, it wasn't until 1997 when the original eight created the International Trappist Association. This was established to prevent non-Trappist commercial companies from taking and abusing this special designation. A logo was produced to make the beers and other goods from the abbeys official--such items must adhere to strict guidelines in order to be a part of the ITA. Three criterions are in place, which allows an abbey to designate itself Trappist:
- The beer must be brewed within the walls of the Trappist abbey, by or under control of Trappist monks.
- The brewery, methods of brewing and commercial orientation must depend on the monastic community.
- The economic purpose of the brewery must be directed toward assistance of maintenance and operation and in no way for financial profit.
There are 10 Trappist breweries now with the official designation. Six are in Belgium: Orval, Chimay, Westvleteren, Westmalle, Rochefort and Achel. Koningshoeven is in the Netherlands and Engleszell is in Austria. Two new ones were designated in 2013; Engelszell in Austria and an American one, St. Joseph’s Abbey in Spencer, Massachusetts. The Trappist name derives from the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance. The monks are called “Trappists” from La Grande Trappe Abbey of Normandy.
Westmalle Abbey, called Onze-Lieve-Vrouw van het Heilig Hart, brews three beers: Tripel, Dubbel and Extra. The Tripel received a 100-point world-class score by Jason Alstrom, cofounder of Beer Advocate. The Extra does not leave the abbey and is enjoyed by the monks at lunch and by other lucky visitors. In April of 1836, the monastery became a Trappist abbey and by that December, they brewed their first beer to serve with lunch. The Dubbel and the Tripel are bottled conditioned (live yeast is added after bottling) and develop over time. The taste can change just from age and the storage method, the serving method and the temperature at which it is served. To reach the optimum serving experience, click here.
Orval Abbey opened its brewery in 1931 and only produces two Belgian pale ales: Orval and Petit Orval. Orval also received a 100-point rating from Jason Alstrom. This is one of my favorite beers with mild sour and slightly funky flavors. The history of the label stems from the widow Countess Matilde of Tuscany, who was standing by a fountain when her wedding ring fell in. She prayed for its return and to her amazement, a trout came up and produced the ring in its mouth. With much gratitude, she decided to establish the monastery on that very site.
Chimay Abbey, called Notre-Dame de Scourmont Abbey, opened its brewery in 1862 and produces three amazing brews: Premier Dubbel (red), Cinq Cents Tripel (white) and Reserve Belgian Strong Dark Ale (blue). They also make six Trappist cheeses with fine local milk that pairs with the neers.
Rochefort Abbey called Notre-Dame de Saint-Remy Rochefort was founded in 1230 but the monks did not start brewing until 1595. Their batches are smaller than Chimay and Westmalle, making their beer even more sought after and coveted. They brew three 90+ (Beer Advocate) rated brews: Rochefort 6 Dubbel, Rochefort 8 Belgian Strong Dark Ale and Rochefort 10 Quadrupel.
Achel (pronounced Arkul) Abbey was invaded by the Germans in World War I, and the copper brewing vessels were taken to be melted down for ammunition. In 1998, the brewery was reopened and beers were only brewed for the Auberge, the tavern that wraps around the brewery. Now the beer is being bottled, but no one is allowed to visit the brewery and the beer is only available from the Inn and Foodshop at the abbey. The beers brewed include Achel Extra Blond, Achel Trappist Extra, Achel 5 Blond, Achel 5 Bruin, Achel 8 Blond and Achel 8 Bruin.
Sint Sixtus Abbey of Westvleteren started brewing its world renowned beer in 1838. In 1946, Abbot Gerardus decided to stop brewing commercially and sent production to the nearby brewery of St. Bernardus in Watou. The monks of St. Bernardus were allowed to brew Westvleteren under license for quite a while, until 1992 when Sixtus took back the rights due to the changing of the laws stating Trappist beers must be brewed within Trappist walls. St. Bernardus was not. Three beers are brewed: Trappist Westvleteren Blonde, Trappist Westvleteren 8 (VIII) and Trappist Westvleteren 12 (XII), which is considered the best beer in the world at number one on Ratebeer’s "Top 50" and number 10 on Beer Advocate’s "Top 250 Beers of All Time."
Koningshoeven Abbey started producing La Trappe and a wide range of tasty brews in 1884. In 1950, the monks added a lemonade factory. Throughout the years, La Trappe has added new styles to their lineup and dabbled in a few German styles. In 2009, La Trappe Isid’or, named after the abbey’s first brewer Brother Isidorus, was made to mark the 125th anniversary of the monastery.
Stift Engelszell Abbey of Austria brews only two beers: Benno Saison/Farmhouse Ale and Gregorius Belgian Strong Dark Ale. They were only recently granted the Trappist title in 2009.
The first American Trappist brewery is Spencer of St. Joseph’s Abbey in Spencer, Massachusetts. St. Joseph started as a maker of jams and jellies until a few years ago one of the brothers expressed interest in brewing and even gained experience at a local craft brewery. Other brothers joined in the passion and toured all of the original Belgian Trappist breweries to gain all of the knowledge they could before taking it back to the states. They have perfected one beer so far, Spencer Trappist Ale.
Most Trappist beers are bold, full-flavored, high alcohol sippers that you take home or drink at a bar and have a good conversation over. Many beer lovers have journeyed afar for a taste of the famous Westvleteren 12. I recommend you go to your local ABC to pick up a Chimay or Westmalle and savor hundreds of years of meticulous brewing tradition.